Ferroalloys, the broad sense of ferroalloys refers to steelmaking as a deoxidizer, elemental additives, etc., added to the hot metal to make the steel with certain characteristics or meet certain requirements of a product. An intermediate alloy of iron with one or more elements, used chiefly in iron and steel smelting. In the iron and steel industry, all intermediate alloys used in steelmaking, whether they contain iron or not (such as silicon calcium alloys), are called "ferroalloys". It is also customary to include certain pure metal additives and oxide additives.
It is also customary to include certain pure metal additives and oxide additives. Ferroalloy is generally used as: deoxidizer: in the process of steelmaking to remove the oxygen in the molten steel, some ferroalloys can also remove other impurities in the steel such as sulfur, nitrogen and so on. Alloy additives: According to the requirements of steel composition, alloy elements are added to the steel to improve the performance of the steel. Inoculant: added to hot metal before casting cast iron to improve the crystal structure of castings.
General purpose
Deoxidizer. In the process of steelmaking, the oxygen in the molten steel is removed, and some iron alloys can also remove other impurities in the steel such as sulfur and nitrogen.
Alloy additive. According to the requirements of steel composition, alloying elements are added to the steel to improve the properties of the steel.
Inoculant. It is added to hot metal before casting to improve the crystal structure of cast iron.
Reducing agent, reducing agent for the production of other ferroalloys and non-ferrous metals by metal thermal reduction method; Alloy additives for non-ferrous alloys; It is also used in small quantities in the chemical industry and other industries.
Steel, all steel is a kind of iron alloy, which also makes iron alloy is the most widely used, the largest amount of alloy.
High school textbooks also refer to certain high-carbon iron and all iron-containing alloys as ferroalloys.
Basic use
As a steelmaking deoxidizer, the most widely used are silicon manganese, ferromanganese and ferrosilicon. Strong deoxidizers are aluminum (aluminum iron), silicon calcium, silicon zirconium, etc. (see steel deoxidation reaction). Commonly used as alloy additives are: ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten, ferromolybdenum, ferrovanadium, ferrotitanium, ferronickel, ferroniobium (tantalum) iron, rare earth iron alloy, ferroboron, ferrophosphorus and so on. Various ferroalloys also require many grades according to the alloying element content or carbon content, and strictly limit the impurity content. The ferroalloys containing two or more alloying elements are called composite ferroalloys. The use of such ferroalloys can add deoxidation or alloying elements at the same time, which is beneficial to the steelmaking process and can make comprehensive use of symbiotic ore resources more economically and reasonably. Commonly used are: manganese silicon, silicon calcium, silicon zirconium, silicon manganese aluminum, silicon manganese calcium and rare earth iron silicon.
Pure metal additives for steelmaking are aluminum, titanium, nickel and metal silicon, metal manganese, metal chromium and so on. Some easily reduced oxides, such as MoO and NiO, are also used in place of ferroalloys. In addition, there are ferric nitride alloys, such as ferric chromium, ferromanganese, etc., after nitriding, and ferric alloys mixed with heating agents.
Basic classification
There are many varieties of ferroalloys, and the classification methods are generally classified according to the following methods:
(1) According to the main elements in the ferroalloy classification, mainly silicon, manganese, chromium, vanadium, titanium, tungsten, molybdenum and other series of ferroalloys.
(2) According to the classification of carbon content in ferroalloys, there are high carbon, medium carbon, low carbon, micro carbon, ultramicro carbon and other varieties.
(3) multi-component ferroalloys containing two or more alloying elements, the main varieties are silicon aluminum alloy, silicon calcium alloy, manganese silicon aluminum alloy, silicon calcium aluminum alloy, silicon barium calcium alloy, etc.
(4) According to the production method: there are blast furnace ferroalloy, electric furnace ferroalloy, furnace external method (metal thermal method) ferroalloy, vacuum solid reduced ferroalloy, electrolytic ferroalloy, in addition to oxide pressing and heating ferroalloy and other special ferroalloys.
Ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochromium, ferrotungsten, ferrovanadium, ferronickel, ferromolybdenum, ferrotitanium, rare-earth magnesia-silicon, rare-earth ferrosilicon, calcium-silicon, silica-barium alloy, silica-aluminum alloy, tantalum-niobium, ferrophosphorus, ferroboron, etc.
It is also customary to include certain pure metal additives and oxide additives. Ferroalloy is generally used as: deoxidizer: in the process of steelmaking to remove the oxygen in the molten steel, some ferroalloys can also remove other impurities in the steel such as sulfur, nitrogen and so on. Alloy additives: According to the requirements of steel composition, alloy elements are added to the steel to improve the performance of the steel. Inoculant: added to hot metal before casting cast iron to improve the crystal structure of castings.
General purpose
Deoxidizer. In the process of steelmaking, the oxygen in the molten steel is removed, and some iron alloys can also remove other impurities in the steel such as sulfur and nitrogen.
Alloy additive. According to the requirements of steel composition, alloying elements are added to the steel to improve the properties of the steel.
Inoculant. It is added to hot metal before casting to improve the crystal structure of cast iron.
Reducing agent, reducing agent for the production of other ferroalloys and non-ferrous metals by metal thermal reduction method; Alloy additives for non-ferrous alloys; It is also used in small quantities in the chemical industry and other industries.
Steel, all steel is a kind of iron alloy, which also makes iron alloy is the most widely used, the largest amount of alloy.
High school textbooks also refer to certain high-carbon iron and all iron-containing alloys as ferroalloys.
Basic use
As a steelmaking deoxidizer, the most widely used are silicon manganese, ferromanganese and ferrosilicon. Strong deoxidizers are aluminum (aluminum iron), silicon calcium, silicon zirconium, etc. (see steel deoxidation reaction). Commonly used as alloy additives are: ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrosilicon, ferrotungsten, ferromolybdenum, ferrovanadium, ferrotitanium, ferronickel, ferroniobium (tantalum) iron, rare earth iron alloy, ferroboron, ferrophosphorus and so on. Various ferroalloys also require many grades according to the alloying element content or carbon content, and strictly limit the impurity content. The ferroalloys containing two or more alloying elements are called composite ferroalloys. The use of such ferroalloys can add deoxidation or alloying elements at the same time, which is beneficial to the steelmaking process and can make comprehensive use of symbiotic ore resources more economically and reasonably. Commonly used are: manganese silicon, silicon calcium, silicon zirconium, silicon manganese aluminum, silicon manganese calcium and rare earth iron silicon.
Pure metal additives for steelmaking are aluminum, titanium, nickel and metal silicon, metal manganese, metal chromium and so on. Some easily reduced oxides, such as MoO and NiO, are also used in place of ferroalloys. In addition, there are ferric nitride alloys, such as ferric chromium, ferromanganese, etc., after nitriding, and ferric alloys mixed with heating agents.
Basic classification
There are many varieties of ferroalloys, and the classification methods are generally classified according to the following methods:
(1) According to the main elements in the ferroalloy classification, mainly silicon, manganese, chromium, vanadium, titanium, tungsten, molybdenum and other series of ferroalloys.
(2) According to the classification of carbon content in ferroalloys, there are high carbon, medium carbon, low carbon, micro carbon, ultramicro carbon and other varieties.
(3) multi-component ferroalloys containing two or more alloying elements, the main varieties are silicon aluminum alloy, silicon calcium alloy, manganese silicon aluminum alloy, silicon calcium aluminum alloy, silicon barium calcium alloy, etc.
(4) According to the production method: there are blast furnace ferroalloy, electric furnace ferroalloy, furnace external method (metal thermal method) ferroalloy, vacuum solid reduced ferroalloy, electrolytic ferroalloy, in addition to oxide pressing and heating ferroalloy and other special ferroalloys.
Ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, ferrochromium, ferrotungsten, ferrovanadium, ferronickel, ferromolybdenum, ferrotitanium, rare-earth magnesia-silicon, rare-earth ferrosilicon, calcium-silicon, silica-barium alloy, silica-aluminum alloy, tantalum-niobium, ferrophosphorus, ferroboron, etc.